Add sentry trigger to linked_pipelines_column

What does this MR do?

This adds a Sentry trigger to capture exceptions for the linked_pipelines_column component of the new pipeline graph, this uses the same utility from !50787 (merged), it adds an extra tag to indicate from which component the failure came from.

#294028 (closed)

Screenshots (strongly suggested)

N/A

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

Conformity

• [-] Changelog entry
• [-] Documentation (if required)
• Code review guidelines
• Merge request performance guidelines
• Style guides
• [-] Database guides
• [-] Separation of EE specific content