Update dependency metal3-io/cluster-api-provider-metal3 to v1.8.2

This MR upgrades capm3 from 1.7.x to 1.8.2

(The upgrade to 1.8.1 had been attempted in !2827 (merged) and then reverted in !2950 (merged) because of #1632 (closed), which was solved by upstream contributions by @pierrecregut and myself a bit, and included in 1.8.2)

It replaces MR !3036 (closed) which had been pushed by renovate bot.

The changelog is included in !3036 (closed).