Port to EE "Minimal fix for artifacts service"

What does this MR do?

• CE: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/17313
• EE: Here

Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

Why was this MR needed?

Screenshots (if relevant)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added, if necessary
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Review
  • Has been reviewed by Backend

What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/43022

Related https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/infrastructure/issues/3756