Upgrade to Git 2.24

What does this MR do?

Change is required by Gitaly service. Git 2.24.0 has been released and it contains a bug fixes that unblock #27828 (closed) , and means that we can more easily ship a custom version of Git with https://gitlab.com/chriscool's patch git#7 (closed)

Part of gitaly#2170 (closed)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

Conformity

• Changelog entry
• Documentation (if required)
• Code review guidelines
• Merge request performance guidelines
• Style guides
• Database guides
• Separation of EE specific content

Availability and Testing