Add runner jobs API rate limit

What does this MR do and why?

This MR implements an API rate limit on /jobs/* endpoints.

Changelog: added

Note: I based myself on previous MRs that implemented API limits, such as !152733 (merged)

References

• https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/462537+
• https://docs.gitlab.com/development/merge_request_concepts/rate_limits/
• https://handbook.gitlab.com/handbook/product/product-processes/#introducing-application-limits
• https://handbook.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/infrastructure/rate-limiting/managing-limits/#rate-limits-in-applicationratelimiter

Rate limits being introduced

Endpoint	Rate limit by	Rate limit key	Rate limit
POST /jobs/request	runner token	:runner_jobs_request_api	2,000 reqs/runner/min
PUT /jobs/:id	job token	:runner_jobs_api	200 reqs/job/min
PATCH /jobs/:id/trace	job token	:runner_jobs_api	200 reqs/job/min
POST /jobs/:id/artifacts/authorize	job token	:runner_jobs_api	200 reqs/job/min
POST /jobs/:id/artifacts	job token	:runner_jobs_api	200 reqs/job/min
GET /jobs/:id/artifacts	job token	:runner_jobs_api	200 reqs/job/min

Screenshots or screen recordings

Before	After

How to set up and validate locally

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