Only check records with encrypted data in gitlab:doctor:encryption_keys

What does this MR do and why?

This will make the check simpler as there are some DependencyProxy::GroupSetting records that are created automatically, but with no encrypted data, so we shouldn't care about those.

Backports:

• [17.11] Only check records with encrypted data ... (!189039 - merged) for 17.11.2
• [17.10] Only check records with encrypted data ... (!189041 - merged) for 17.10.6
• [17.9] Only check records with encrypted data i... (!189042 - merged) for 17.9.8

References

This simplifies the upgrade steps after getting several reports from customers around problems when upgrading to 17.10.x.

Screenshots or screen recordings

The output now skips records without actual encrypted data.

How to set up and validate locally

bundle exec gitlab:doctor:encryption_keys

MR acceptance checklist

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