Allow merge requests related to a commit to be found via API

What does this MR do?

Allow merge requests related to a commit to be found via API

• Original work for the web interface here:
• https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/13713

Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

Why was this MR needed?

Please see:

• https://gitlab.com/bjgopinath/release-changes/issues/2

Screenshots (if relevant)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated
• API support added
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Review
  • Has been reviewed by UX
  • Has been reviewed by Frontend
  • Has been reviewed by Backend
  • Has been reviewed by Database
• Conform by the merge request performance guides
• Conform by the style guides
• Squashed related commits together
• Internationalization required/considered
• End-to-end tests pass (package-and-qa manual pipeline job)

What are the relevant issue numbers?