Convert .tool-versions to mise.toml and stop hardcoding the Node major

What does this MR do and why?

Resolves #708 (closed), Prerequisite for gitlab-org/frontend/renovate-gitlab-bot!1625 (merged)

  • Convert .tool-versions to mise.toml.
  • Stop hardcoding the Node major. setup_24.x appears in .gitlab-ci.yml twice and in docker/dev.Dockerfile once, while NODE_VERSION right next to it is what actually gets bumped. The NodeSource channel is now derived from that variable with setup_${NODE_VERSION%%.*}.x.

Validation steps

  docker compose build
  docker run --rm --entrypoint sh contributors-gitlab-com-web -c 'node --version && npm --version'
  # v24.19.0
  # 12.0.2

/cc @leetickett-gitlab @dmeister93

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