[Backport 10.0] CI: Update default image

What does this MR do?

Backport !5338 (merged) and !5281 (merged) (partially) to 10-0-stable to fix failing CI.

Note: 10.0 is out of support but was targeted by an extended security release. As a result the pipelines there are currently failing. This backport should fix that.

Related issues

Closes [CI] Pipeline on '10-0-stable' failed for commi... (#6681 - closed)

Relates CI: Pin image fails because of unknown hashicor... (#6660 - closed)

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