CI: Bump Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, and Alpine versions
- Updated to use new images.
- Fixed one build error/warning for
kodakaio
. - Did not fix 6
-Wunused-but-set-variable
warnings for Fedora/clang17 (since I'm not against unused variables) but added-Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable
instead. This can be reverted after (someone will make an actual) fix. - Propose better (IMHO) build flags than
silent rules
--make -w -O
.
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