Update Postgres Docker images to latest minors (16.2, 15.6, 14.11, 13.14, 12.18)

Update Docker images to the latest minor versions of Postgres.

• PostgreSQL 16.2, 15.6, 14.11, 13.14, and 12.18
  • Released 2024-02-08 - https://www.postgresql.org/about/news/postgresql-162-156-1411-1314-and-1218-released-2807/

Update extensions:

• pg_timetable v5.8.0
• pgvector v0.6.0 (for Postgres 12+) or v0.5.1 (for Postgres 11)

Additionally:

• Update GO version to 1.21.7