refactor: use uv to manage python dependencies, ruff instead of pylint

A little modernization of the repo.

• Use uv to manage dependencies, python version, and virtual environment instead of pip and friends.
• Specify dependencies in pyproject.toml (note: we could split up the automation and documentation dependencies later if desired)
• Use ruff instead of pylint (way faster + no config needed)
• Placeholder to enable code formatting with ruff in a future PR