Rebase from marigold@storage-cache

This rebases the original yy@carbonated-storage-cache branch on the top of marigold@storage-cache. To resolve merge conflicts in one step, we first squash all commits into one and then apply git rebase.

🤯 Tests failed (Tue, 25 May 2021 00:36:14 GMT)

After a success compilation, all the carbonated storage cache tests failed. It seems that all storage access functions now access cache more times than original. Not sure why and still under investigation.

✅ [Solved] This branch cannot compile (Mon, 24 May 2021 10:08:14 GMT)

This MR gets a problem now: The protocol environment V3 has been removed since tezos/tezos!2842 (merged), so we need to add env v3 back manually (9c60f752). But the data encoding interface has changed a lot with tezos/tezos!2686 (merged). I am not sure how to deal with it.

Ref: Protocol v3 env issue tezos/tezos!1130