Add async support for 'chip' and 'extract_volume_patches'

What does this implement/fix?

This commit adds the asynchronous support to chip and extract_volume_patches operations (TensorChippingOp and TensorVolumePatchOp classes, respectively). It does not implement any new feature, but extends the already existing feature for new operations, following the convention found in other ops (e.g. TensorSlicingOp).

It also adds tests for multi-threaded execution for these two ops. Apart from asynchronous execution, tests for synchronous execution were added to increase coverage.