Draft: SASTBot: Monthly dependency updates for 17.2

What does this MR do?

• upgrade Semgrep version [1.72.0 => 1.78.0]
• upgrade gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/analyzers/command/v3 version [v3.0.0 => v3.1.0]
• upgrade gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/analyzers/report/v5 version [v5.1.0 => v5.2.1]
• upgrade gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/analyzers/ruleset/v3 version [v3.0.2 => v3.1.0]

CHANGELOG is generated by SASTBot.

What are the relevant issue numbers?

• 17.2 Secure:Static Analysis (blue) Planning Issue (gitlab-org/gitlab#465143)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added
• Documentation created/updated for GitLab EE, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated for this project, if necessary
• Documentation reviewed by technical writer or follow-up review issue created
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Job definition updated, if necessary
  • Auto-DevOps template
  • Job definition example
  • CI Templates
• Conforms to the code review guidelines
• Conforms to the Go guidelines
• Security reports checked/validated by reviewer