Update to Node 14 LTS (maintainer copy)

What does this MR do?

• Change the base image to upgrade Node 14 (LTS) and Alpine 3.12
• Update pip using pip, instead of using get-pip.py

This copy of !128 (closed) is needed in order to run the QA bridge jobs (downstream pipelines using Secure test projects).

What are the relevant issue numbers?

gitlab-org/gitlab#294261 (closed)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added
• Documentation created/updated for GitLab EE, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated for this project, if necessary
• Documentation reviewed by technical writer or follow-up review issue created
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Job definition updated, if necessary
  • Auto-DevOps template
  • Job definition example
  • CI Templates
• Conforms to the code review guidelines
• Conforms to the Go guidelines
• Security reports checked/validated by reviewer