Output GitLab metadata properties in Container Scanning SBOM

What does this MR do?

In order to complete Store Container Scanning image and operating sy... (gitlab-org/gitlab#425995 - closed), we need to add support for the following SBOM metadata property fields added by Add taxonomy for Container Scanning namespace (gitlab-org/gitlab#426355 - closed):

• gitlab:meta:schema_version
• gitlab:container_scanning:image:name
• gitlab:container_scanning:image:tag
• gitlab:container_scanning:operating_system:name
• gitlab:container_scanning:operating_system:version

What are the relevant issue numbers?

gitlab-org/gitlab#426356 (closed)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog trailer added
• Documentation created/updated for GitLab EE, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated for this project, if necessary
• Documentation reviewed by technical writer or follow-up review issue created
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Job definition updated, if necessary
  • Auto-DevOps template
  • Job definition example
  • CI Templates
• Conforms to the code review guidelines
• Conforms to the Go guidelines
• Security reports checked/validated by reviewer