Use custom build images

Why is this change being made?

With !2726 (merged), we're repeating package installation on multiple jobs.

This MR changes the CI configuration to use build images present in https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/dependencies/build-images/container_registry.

This project builds the images with the required dependencies already added so we don't have to do it on every build.

It also refreshes the images daily, and performs a security scan (yay dogfooding!)

With this change, the time should be smaller but we won't know until we run a tagged build with the change to compare with the previous images (most of the affected jobs don't run on feature branches; i.e.: tag minor, major, version).

Lastly, this ensures our traffic stays within our runner network, which contributes to GitLab's cloud infrastructure costs.