WIP: Allow configurable exit code

What does this MR do?

This MR adds a new variable VULNERABILITIES_DETECTED_EXIT_CODE which allows customizing the exit code if vulnerabilities are detected.

NOTE: The new proposal is to introduce a new environment variable named SECURE_ANALYZERS_EXIT_CODES_VERSION. See gitlab-org/gitlab#324634 (closed)

What are the relevant issue numbers?

gitlab-org/gitlab#324634 (closed)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added
• Documentation created/updated for GitLab EE, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated for this project, if necessary
• Documentation reviewed by technical writer or follow-up review issue created
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Job definition updated, if necessary
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  • Job definition example
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• Conforms to the code review guidelines
• Conforms to the Go guidelines
• Security reports checked/validated by reviewer