Revert to jemalloc 5.3.0 (19-2-stable backport)

What does this MR do and why?

Backports !9657 (merged) to the 19-2-stable branch.

This reverts !9355 (merged), which updated jemalloc from 5.3.0 to 5.3.1. We are reverting to jemalloc 5.3.0 for now while we investigate issues observed with 5.3.1.

Related to https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/request-for-help/-/work_items/5196

MR acceptance checklist

This checklist encourages us to confirm any changes have been analyzed to reduce risks in quality, performance, reliability, security, and maintainability.

• This MR is backporting a bug fix, documentation update, or spec fix, previously merged in the default branch. (Pending merge of the master MR !9657 (merged).)
• The original MR has been deployed to GitLab.com (not applicable for documentation or spec changes).
• This MR has a severity label assigned (if applicable).

Note to the merge request author and maintainer

If you have questions about the patch release process, please:

• Refer to the patch release runbook for engineers and maintainers for guidance.
• Ask questions on the #releases Slack channel (internal only).