Port to EE: Add per-project pipeline id (Use `AtomicInternalId`)

What does this MR do?

• CE: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/18558
• EE: Here

Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

Why was this MR needed?

Screenshots (if relevant)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Conform by the code review guidelines
  • Has been reviewed by a Backend maintainer
  • Has been reviewed by a Database specialist
• EE specific content should be in the top level /ee folder- [ ] End-to-end tests pass (package-qa manual pipeline job)

What are the relevant issue numbers?

Related: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/3691#note_69875536