Replace OpenSSL constants with strings (EE)

What does this MR do?

Replaces OpenSSL constants with strings.

https://docs.rubocop.org/rubocop/cops_lint.html#lintdeprecatedopensslconstant

cf. !52432 (merged) for non-EE code

Blocks !52432 (merged)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

Conformity

• Changelog entry
• Code review guidelines
• Separation of EE specific content