Add support for updating SAST config

What does this MR do?

In Write variables to a new .gitlab-ci.yml, we added the ability to write a few supported SAST variables to a new .gitlab-ci.yml file.

As a next iteration, we need to support updating supported SAST variables in an existing .gitlab-ci.yml file. This should also account for removing supported SAST variables that are no longer set.

This work is in support of issue #232862 (closed)

Screenshots

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

Conformity

• Changelog entry
• Documentation (if required)
• Code review guidelines
• Merge request performance guidelines
• Style guides
• Database guides
• Separation of EE specific content

Availability and Testing

• Review and add/update tests for this feature/bug. Consider all test levels. See the Test Planning Process.
• Tested in all supported browsers
• Informed Infrastructure department of a default or new setting change, if applicable per definition of done

Security

If this MR contains changes to processing or storing of credentials or tokens, authorization and authentication methods and other items described in the security review guidelines:

• Label as security and @ mention @gitlab-com/gl-security/appsec
• The MR includes necessary changes to maintain consistency between UI, API, email, or other methods
• Security reports checked/validated by a reviewer from the AppSec team