Simplify database replication instructions and make dryer

What does this MR do?

Closes https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/issues/4254 and closes https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/issues/4265 and attempts to make database_source.md much DRYER, while also clarifying database.md.

Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

I mostly left the section with the replication script "as is" because work that @nick.thomas is doing in omnibus-gitlab#2925 (closed)

Why was this MR needed?

For more clarity and less duplication.

Screenshots (if relevant)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

What are the relevant issue numbers?

Merge request reports

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