Allow queries to internal Prometheus

What does this MR do?

In the PrometheusService, pass appropriate options to Gitlab::PrometheusClient to allow or block local requests, so that:

1. Local requests are allowed when local requests to webhooks and services are allowed.
2. Blocks local requests when local requests to webhooks and services are not allowed.
3. Allows the self monitoring project to send requests to the Prometheus internal URL even when local requests to webhooks are not allowed.

Issue: #212333 (closed)

Screenshots

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

Conformity

• Changelog entry
• Documentation (if required)
• Code review guidelines
• Merge request performance guidelines
• Style guides
• Database guides
• Separation of EE specific content

Availability and Testing

• Review and add/update tests for this feature/bug. Consider all test levels. See the Test Planning Process.
• Tested in all supported browsers
• Informed Infrastructure department of a default or new setting change, if applicable per definition of done

Security

If this MR contains changes to processing or storing of credentials or tokens, authorization and authentication methods and other items described in the security review guidelines:

• Label as security and @ mention @gitlab-com/gl-security/appsec
• The MR includes necessary changes to maintain consistency between UI, API, email, or other methods
• Security reports checked/validated by a reviewer from the AppSec team