Split Policy Store catalog categories into ids and labels

What does this MR do and why?

Splits the Policy Store catalog's categories into untranslated id constants and a translated label map, in catalog/categories.js.

Catalog entries declared translated category strings (category: s__('PolicyStore|Enforcement')) while the drawer's sort order held raw English, so CATEGORY_ORDER.indexOf only matched in English — every other locale would lose the drawer's grouping order. The eslint-disable on the raw strings was masking exactly this defect. Ids are now the grouping and sorting keys; CATEGORY_LABELS supplies display names, defined only for categories the catalogs use so translators never see an unreachable string.

The catalog shape spec gains the guard that keeps this honest: every entry's category must be in CATEGORY_ORDER and have a label.

No gitlab.pot change: the label msgids are identical to the strings the catalogs declared inline before.

First of a three-MR chain extracted from !247891 (merged) to keep each reviewable:

1. This MR — catalog categories
2. !248394 (merged) — the Build step's building blocks
3. !247891 (merged) — the Build policy step itself (all UI)

References

• Plan: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/607341

Screenshots or screen recordings

No UI change. Nothing on master renders the catalog yet — the fix manifests once the Build policy step (!247891 (merged)) ships the drawer.

How to set up and validate locally

yarn jest ee/spec/frontend/policy_store/catalog

MR acceptance checklist

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