Add ChangesAccessLogger for structured logging of push checks

Jerry Setorequested to merge
384325-add-instrumentation-for-git-access into master

What does this MR do and why?

Add ChangesAccessLogger for structured logging of push checks

Introduce a logger class that instruments individual phases of ChangesAccess validation and emits structured JSON log lines with per-check durations.

References

How to set up and validate locally

  1. Enable the changes_access_logging feature flag
  2. Push changes to a project and look for logs in log/application_json.log from Gitlab::Checks::ChangesAccessLogger

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Related to #384325 (closed)

Edited by Jerry Seto

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