Add length validations for bytes columns to conan packages related tables

🏗️ What does this MR do and why?

Add length validations for conan package format columns to prevent storing arbitrarily large data.

• Add 40 character length limit validations to reference, revision columns
• Supplement existing test cases

Changelog: changed

📝 Database migrations

This MR adds database-level check constraints to three tables:

packages_conan_recipe_revisions

⬆️ Up

> gdk rails db:migrate:up:main VERSION=20260210111821
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 56518
main: == 20260210111821 AddCheckConstraintConanRecipeRevisionsRevisionLength: migrating 
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- execute("ALTER TABLE packages_conan_recipe_revisions\nADD CONSTRAINT check_revision_length\nCHECK ( octet_length(revision) <= 20 )\nNOT VALID;\n")
main:    -> 0.0032s
main: == 20260210111821 AddCheckConstraintConanRecipeRevisionsRevisionLength: migrated (0.0910s) 
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 56518

⬇️ Down

> gdk rails db:migrate:down:main VERSION=20260210111821
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 52416
main: == 20260210111821 AddCheckConstraintConanRecipeRevisionsRevisionLength: reverting 
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- execute("            ALTER TABLE packages_conan_recipe_revisions\n            DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS check_revision_length\n")
main:    -> 0.0020s
main: == 20260210111821 AddCheckConstraintConanRecipeRevisionsRevisionLength: reverted (0.0449s) 
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 52416

packages_conan_package_references

⬆️ Up

> gdk rails db:migrate:up:main VERSION=20260210111925
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 60543
main: == 20260210111925 AddCheckConstraintConanPackageReferencesReferenceLength: migrating 
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- execute("ALTER TABLE packages_conan_package_references\nADD CONSTRAINT check_reference_length\nCHECK ( octet_length(reference) <= 20 )\nNOT VALID;\n")
main:    -> 0.0020s
main: == 20260210111925 AddCheckConstraintConanPackageReferencesReferenceLength: migrated (0.0660s) 
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 60543

⬇️ Down

> gdk rails db:migrate:down:main VERSION=20260210111925
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 48357
main: == 20260210111925 AddCheckConstraintConanPackageReferencesReferenceLength: reverting 
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- execute("            ALTER TABLE packages_conan_package_references\n            DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS check_reference_length\n")
main:    -> 0.0012s
main: == 20260210111925 AddCheckConstraintConanPackageReferencesReferenceLength: reverted (0.0231s) 
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 48357

packages_conan_package_revisions

⬆️ Up

> gdk rails db:migrate:up:main VERSION=20260210111943
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 64578
main: == 20260210111943 AddCheckConstraintConanPackageRevisionsRevisionLength: migrating 
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- execute("ALTER TABLE packages_conan_package_revisions\nADD CONSTRAINT check_revision_length\nCHECK ( octet_length(revision) <= 20 )\nNOT VALID;\n")
main:    -> 0.0019s
main: == 20260210111943 AddCheckConstraintConanPackageRevisionsRevisionLength: migrated (0.0586s) 
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134100, pg_backend_pid: 64578

⬇️ Down

> gdk rails db:migrate:down:main VERSION=20260210111943
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134080, pg_backend_pid: 44300
main: == 20260210111943 AddCheckConstraintConanPackageRevisionsRevisionLength: reverting 
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- transaction_open?(nil)
main:    -> 0.0000s
main: -- execute("            ALTER TABLE packages_conan_package_revisions\n            DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS check_revision_length\n")
main:    -> 0.0085s
main: == 20260210111943 AddCheckConstraintConanPackageRevisionsRevisionLength: reverted (0.0349s) 
main: == [advisory_lock_connection] object_id: 134080, pg_backend_pid: 44300

📚 References

• #585485
• Related to #368465

📸 Screenshots or screen recordings

N/A

🧪 How to set up and validate locally

1. Open Rails console:

   gdk rails c 

2. Test Packages::Conan::PackageReference validation:

   package_reference = FactoryBot.build(:conan_package_reference)
   package_reference.valid?  # Should be true
   package_reference.reference = 'A' * 21
   package_reference.valid?  # Should be false

3. Test Packages::Conan::PackageRevision validation:

   package_revision = FactoryBot.build(:conan_package_revision)
   package_revision.valid?  # Should be true
   package_revision.revision = 'B' * 21
   package_revision.valid?  # Should be false

4. Test Packages::Conan::RecipeRevision validation:

   recipe_revision = FactoryBot.build(:conan_recipe_revision)
   recipe_revision.valid?  # Should be true
   recipe_revision.revision = 'C' * 21
   recipe_revision.valid?  # Should be false

✅ MR acceptance checklist

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