Add semver fields to CiCatalogResourceVersion GraphQL type

What does this MR do and why?

Add semver fields to CiCatalogResourceVersion GraphQL type

Expose semver_major, semver_minor, and semver_patch fields on the CiCatalogResourceVersion GraphQL type. These fields allow clients to programmatically compare versions without parsing version strings.

The underlying database columns already exist in the catalog_resource_versions table.

This is done as a prework for Component usage details in catalog resource view (#579460) • Rajendra Kadam, Anna Vovchenko • 19.0 where we want the version numbers in the GQL response to be consumable on the frontend.

Changelog: added

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Related to #579460