Update net-protocol to v0.2.2

What does this MR do and why?

The monkey patches for Net::BufferedIO were extracted to the gitlab-http gem in !125024 (merged), and the gem handles the #readuntil changes for v0.2.2.

Now that Ruby 3.3 and up ship with net-protocol v0.2.1 and up, we should update to this version.

Diff: https://my.diffend.io/gems/net-protocol/0.1.2/0.2.2

References

Relates to #392378

How to validate locally

To test the net-protocol mitigations still work:

1. Check out this branch.
2. In Admin -> Network -> Outbound requests, click on Allow requests to the local network from webhooks and integrations.
3. Click Save changes.
4. In one terminal, spin up netcat by running: nc -k -l 9999
5. In bin/rails console: run Gitlab::HTTP.get('http://127.0.0.1:9999').
6. In the netcat terminal, response:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

7. In the same terminal, start typing slowly, one character every few seconds.
8. Eventually you should see the client give up:

[3] pry(main)> Gitlab::HTTP.get('http://127.0.0.1:9999')
Errno::ECONNREFUSED: Failed to open TCP connection to 127.0.0.1:9999 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "127.0.0.1" port 9999)

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