Make Daemon thread-safe

What does this MR do?

This introduces #run_thread method.

The #start_working is executed in lock context, the same as #stop_working. This allows safe initialisation of resources before #run_thread consumes them.

References

Based on: !17953 (merged) and omnibus-gitlab!3650 (merged)

Part of: #30201 (closed) !17962 (merged)

Related to: #30037 (closed)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

Conformity

• Code review guidelines
• Merge request performance guidelines
• Style guides