Update KaTeX to fix several CVEs

What does this MR do and why?

This updates KaTeX to fix a number of CVEs. Our configuration is secure enough so that we weren't vulnerable (see issue in the references below) to the XSS one and the others aren't really issues for us therefore we can update like this without backporting.

References

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Vulnerability reports

Breaking changes will be listed here, seems minimal for us

MR acceptance checklist

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