Include group links in access level check

What does this MR do and why?

When adding a new member to a group, in some cases, the current user may inherit the owner role via a group link. This change ensures that the group link is recognized and allows these users to invite new members to a group.

Related to:

• #434044 (closed)
• https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security/gitlab/-/merge_requests/3694
• !139191 (merged)

Screenshots or screen recordings

Before	After

ArgumentError (comparison of Integer with nil failed):
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/ee/app/services/ee/members/groups/creator_service.rb:47:in `>'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/ee/app/services/ee/members/groups/creator_service.rb:47:in `member_role_too_high?'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:163:in `commit_member'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/ee/app/services/ee/members/creator_service.rb:42:in `commit_member'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:143:in `execute'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:64:in `block (4 levels) in add_members'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:63:in `map'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:63:in `block (3 levels) in add_members'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:46:in `each'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:46:in `flat_map'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:46:in `block (2 levels) in add_members'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/models/concerns/cross_database_modification.rb:92:in `block in transaction'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:319:in `block in within_new_transaction'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:25:in `handle_interrupt'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:25:in `block in synchronize'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:21:in `handle_interrupt'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:21:in `synchronize'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:317:in `within_new_transaction'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:316:in `transaction'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database/load_balancing/connection_proxy.rb:127:in `public_send'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database/load_balancing/connection_proxy.rb:127:in `block in write_using_load_balancer'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database/load_balancing/load_balancer.rb:141:in `block in read_write'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database/load_balancing/load_balancer.rb:228:in `retry_with_backoff'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database/load_balancing/load_balancer.rb:130:in `read_write'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database/load_balancing/connection_proxy.rb:126:in `write_using_load_balancer'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database/load_balancing/connection_proxy.rb:78:in `transaction'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.8/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:209:in `transaction'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database.rb:359:in `block in transaction'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:206:in `block in instrument'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:24:in `instrument'
  /home/mokhax/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.8/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:206:in `instrument'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database.rb:358:in `transaction'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/models/concerns/cross_database_modification.rb:83:in `transaction'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:45:in `block in add_members'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/gitlab/database/query_analyzers/prevent_cross_database_modification.rb:29:in `temporary_ignore_tables_in_transaction'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/creator_service.rb:42:in `add_members'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/create_service.rb:86:in `add_members'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/app/services/members/create_service.rb:31:in `execute'
  /home/mokhax/src/gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/gitlab/lib/api/invitations.rb:49:in `block (3 levels) in <class:Invitations>'

How to set up and validate locally

1. Create two top-level groups
   • Group1
   • Group2
2. Invite another user to Group2 as an Owner
3. Invite Group2 to Group1 with an Owner role
4. Have the other user Invite a member
5. Choose a user that is not a member of either groups
6. Select a role
7. Click the Invite button

MR acceptance checklist

This checklist encourages us to confirm any changes have been analyzed to reduce risks in quality, performance, reliability, security, and maintainability.

• I have evaluated the MR acceptance checklist for this MR.