doc: Port missing sections from Sec analyzer release process
What does this MR do and why?
Port of https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/development/sec/secure/release_process.html to our dev docs for discoverability and linting.
Part of ongoing #370011 to slowly port handbook pages to our docs.
Tried to make commits atomic to separate "porting" from "linting" but it's still a pretty messy diff. I left off some sections no longer particularly relevant, too.
- Improve versions reference
- Adds Security fixes section
- Adds Monthly release process
Relates to #370011
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