Extend Ci::PartitioningAnalyzer to check `partition_id` presence

Ref: #377669 (closed)

What does this MR do and why?

This MR extends Ci::PartitioningAnalyzer class.

We are now able to detect queries not including partition_id when hitting a routing table. This will help us to identify queries we missed to update when partitioning our CI tables.

This takes care of INSERT, SELECT, DELETE & UPDATE.

We will enable it later in #377535 (closed).

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