Protected containers: Show protection rules in project setting ui

• This issue is part of the epic Container Registry: Granular protection for rep... (&9825)
• This issue focusses on the UX/UI for the project settings section related to protecting containers.
• We can use the implemented GraphQL API

Proposal

We propose to use the same behavior UX and UI known from the features Protected Branches and Protected Tags.

NOTE: To avoid additional complexity at the start, we propose to focus just on container repository path for the beginning and disregard container tag.

Implementation plan

• Implement the GraphQL endpoint for retrieving container protection rules for a specific project => Protected containers: GraphQL query for contain... (!146467 - merged)
• Implement list of container protection rules (incl. pagination) => Protected containers: Protection rules in proje... (!146436 - merged)
• Implement possibility to create new container protection rules in project settings => Protected containers: Create protection rules i... (!146523 - merged)
• Implement possibility to update new container protection rules in project settings => Protected containers: Update protection rules i... (!146623 - merged)
• Implement possibility to delete new container protection rules in project settings => Protected containers: Delete protection rule in... (!146622 - merged)
• Apply the feedback and patch from @annabeldunstone regarding the container protection rule overview table => Protected packages + containers: Adjust style a... (!148704 - merged)
• Fix alert message with multiple error message => Protected containers: Create protection rules i... (!146523 - merged)
• Add icon with number of protected packages based on the feedback from @annabeldunstone => tracked in follow-up issue #480012
• Refactor test (and component) as suggested by @ekigbo in !146623 (comment 1930183069) and !146623 (comment 1930183098) and !146623 (comment 1938244469) => tracked in follow-up issue #480013