Wait for k8s pod to become attachable as part of poll period in exec mode

What does this MR do?

This MR is a follow-up of !3556 (merged). It makes GitLab Runner waits for Pod to be actually ready before starting the job stages.

Why was this MR needed?

Add support for exec mode

What's the best way to test this MR?

What are the relevant issue numbers?

close #37244 (closed)

Merge request reports

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