Pick "Sentry MVC" in 11.7

What does this MR do?

🍒 cherry-pick missed-deliverable MRs into 11-7-stable

• https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/24245
• https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/24126
• https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/23770
• https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/24338

See https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/merge_requests/9139 for the EE version.

Screenshots

FF error_tracking ✅	FF error_tracking 🚫

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated via this MR
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Tested in all supported browsers
• Conforms to the code review guidelines
• Conforms to the merge request performance guidelines
• Conforms to the style guides
• Conforms to the database guides
• Link to e2e tests MR added if this MR has Requires e2e tests label. See the Test Planning Process.
• Security reports checked/validated by reviewer

Closes #11 (closed)