Fix #44332 - Add support for profile and email

What does this MR do?

Adds support for the OpenID Connect profile and email scopes.

A quick demonstration application as a relying party on GitLab's OpenID Connect, with the following scopes then configured in the application menu:

Successful challenge from the application to GitLab:

Successful redirect back to example application with claim values:

GitLab already had support for these fields, this merely surfaces that support behind the standard claim types so that other applications (e.g. Sourcegraph, Artifactory, etc) can directly consume GitLab as an OpenID Connect IdP.

What are the relevant issue numbers?

• #44332 (closed)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated via this MR
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Tested in all supported browsers
• Conforms to the code review guidelines
• Conforms to the merge request performance guidelines
• Conforms to the style guides
• Conforms to the database guides
• Link to e2e tests MR added if this MR has Requires e2e tests label. See the Test Planning Process.
• Security reports checked/validated by reviewer

Closes #44332 (closed)