New 'pre-verify:build-verify-image' job

What does this Merge Request do and why?

This MR aims to bring in a new CI job called pre-verify:build-verify-image which builds the registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/asdf-bootstrapped-gdk-installed Docker image. This new Docker image will be leveraged by most verify:* in an effort to reduce the duplication of logic and improve reliability. The primary goal behind pre-verify:build-verify-image is to intelligently build a new Docker image that has an installed GDK instance only once and only when required.

Impacted categories

The following categories relate to this merge request:

• gdk-reliability - e.g. When a GDK action fails to complete.
• gdk-usability - e.g. Improvements or suggestions around how the GDK functions.
• gdk-performance - e.g. When a GDK action is slow or times out.

Merge Request checklist

• This change is backward compatible. If not, please include steps to communicate to our users.
• Tests added for new functionality. If not, please raise Issue to follow-up.
• Documentation added/updated, if needed.
• gdk doctor test added, if needed.
• Add the ~highlight label if this MR should be included in the CHANGELOG.md.

Closes #1594 (closed)