Upgrade to nodejs v20.12.2
What does this MR do and why?
Add Node builds to GitLab-related images in preparation for upgrading.
Relates to gitlab-development-kit#2081 (closed)
Checklist
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(If applicable) Add patches if required for upgrading Ruby version in https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-build-images/-/tree/master/patches/ruby.
Edited by Stan Hu