Update Go 1.20 and 1.21 patches

What does this MR do and why?

Update Go 1.20 and 1.21 patches
    
* Update Go 1.20 from 1.20.9 to 1.20.10
* Update Go 1.21 from 1.21.3 to 1.21.3
    
Changelog: changed

Checklist

• (If applicable) Add patches if required for upgrading Ruby version in https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-build-images/-/tree/master/patches/ruby.