feat(deps): update docker tag to v24.0.9
There were intermittent failures in DinD because
the shared blue runners were missing the DOCKER_IPTABLES_LEGACY=1
settings,
which has been fixed via
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/gl-infra/chef-repo/-/merge_requests/4457.
This commit upgrades the Docker version to v24.0.9 now that this issue has been resolved.
Relates to #75 (closed)