Use DAG in pipelines

What does this MR do?

Use DAG in pipelines so that jobs can start immediately after their dependencies have completed building.

Requirements to build each job is listed in the following tables. Jobs marked with * are optional.

UBI specific builder jobs

Job	Jobs from which images are required	Jobs from which artifacts are required
gitlab-ubi-builder
build:git-base	gitlab-ubi-builder
build:gitlab-go	gitlab-ubi-builder
build:gitlab-gomplate	gitlab-ubi-builder
build:gitlab-graphicsmagick	gitlab-ubi-builder
build:gitlab-python	gitlab-ubi-builder
build:gitlab-ruby	gitlab-ubi-builder
build:kubectl	gitlab-ubi-builder
build:postgresql	gitlab-ubi-builder
build:gitaly	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:git-base,build:gitlab-go,build:gitlab-ruby
build:gitlab-container-registry	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:git-base,build:gitlab-go
build:gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:git-base,build:gitlab-go
build:gitlab-exporter	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:gitlab-ruby,build:postgresql
build:gitlab-logger	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:gitlab-go
build:gitlab-mailroom	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:gitlab-ruby
build:gitlab-pages	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:gitlab-go
build:gitlab-rails-ee	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:gitlab-ruby,build:gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer,build:gitlab-graphicsmagick,build:postgresql
build:gitlab-shell	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:git-base,build:gitlab-go,build:gitlab-ruby, build:gitlab-logger, build:gitlab-gomplate
build:gitlab-sidekiq-ee	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:gitlab-python
build:gitlab-task-runner-ee	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:gitlab-python,build:gitaly
build:gitlab-webservice-ee	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:gitlab-python
build:gitlab-workhorse-ee	gitlab-ubi-builder	build:git-base,build:gitlab-go,build:gitlab-rails-ee

Regular pipeline

Job	Jobs from which images are required	Jobs from which artifacts are required
alpine-certificates
cfssl-self-sign
gitlab-gomplate
gitlab-graphicsmagick
gitlab-python
postgresql
gitlab-ruby		*build:gitlab-ruby
kubectl		*build:kubectl
gitlab-go	gitlab-ruby
git-base	gitlab-go	*build:git-base
gitaly	git-base	git-base, *build:gitaly
gitlab-container-registry	git-base, gitlab-gomplate	*build:gitlab-gomplate, *build:gitlab-container-registry, git-base, gitlab-gomplate
gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer	git-base
gitlab-exporter	gitlab-ruby	*build:gitlab-exporter
gitlab-geo-logcursor	gitlab-rails-ee	gitlab-rails-ee
gitlab-logger	gitlab-go
gitlab-mailroom	gitlab-ruby	*build:gitlab-mailroom
gitlab-pages	gitlab-go, gitlab-logger, gitlab-gomplate, gitlab-ruby	*build:gitlab-pages, *build:gitlab-logger, *build:gitlab-gomplate, gitlab-gomplate
gitlab-rails-ce	gitlab-ruby, postgresql, gitlab-graphicsmagick	postgresql, gitlab-graphicsmagick
gitlab-rails-ee	gitlab-ruby, postgresql, gitlab-graphicsmagick, gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer	*build:gitlab-rails-ee, postgresql, gitlab-graphicsmagick, git-base
gitlab-shell	git-base, gitlab-logger, gitlab-gomplate	*build:gitlab-logger, *build:gitlab-gomplate, *build:gitlab-shell, git-base, gitlab-gomplate
gitlab-shell-libproxyproto	gitlab-shell	gitlab-shell
gitlab-sidekiq-ce	gitlab-rails-ce, gitlab-python, gitlab-logger	gitlab-rails-ce, gitlab-python
gitlab-sidekiq-ee	gitlab-rails-ee, gitlab-python, gitlab-logger	*build:gitlab-logger, *build:gitlab-sidekiq-ee, *build:gitlab-python, gitlab-rails-ee, gitlab-python
gitlab-task-runner-ce	gitlab-rails-ce, gitlab-python, gitaly	gitlab-rails-ce, gitaly, gitlab-python
gitlab-task-runner-ee	gitlab-rails-ee, gitlab-python, gitaly	*build:gitlab-python, *build:gitlab-task-runner-ee, *build:gitaly, gitlab-rails-ee, gitaly, gitlab-python
gitlab-webservice-ce	gitlab-rails-ce, gitlab-python, gitlab-logger	gitlab-rails-ce, gitlab-python
gitlab-webservice-ee	gitlab-rails-ee, gitlab-python, gitlab-logger	*build:gitlab-python, *build:gitlab-logger, *build:gitlab-webservice-ee, gitlab-rails-ee, gitlab-python
gitlab-workhorse-ce	gitlab-rails-ce, git-base, gitlab-ruby	git-base, gitlab-rails-ce
gitlab-workhorse-ee	gitlab-rails-ee, git-base, gitlab-ruby	*build:gitlab-workhorse-ee, git-base, gitlab-rails-ee