Add Ruby regexp repeat-range double-free patch for 3.3 and 3.4 [19.4]

What does this MR do and why?

Backports !3087 (merged) to 19.4. It adds the patch from https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/13332 for Ruby 3.3 and 3.4.

The patch files are identical to the ones on master.

MR acceptance checklist

This checklist encourages us to confirm any changes have been analyzed to reduce risks in quality, performance, reliability, security, and maintainability.

• This MR is backporting a bug fix, documentation update, or spec fix, previously merged in the default branch.
• The original MR has been deployed to GitLab.com (not applicable for documentation or spec changes).
• This MR has a severity label assigned (if applicable).

Note to the merge request author and maintainer

If you have questions about the patch release process, please:

• Refer to the patch release runbook for engineers and maintainers for guidance.
• Ask questions on the #releases Slack channel (internal only).