Bump go to v1.23.6

What does this MR do?

Bump go to v1.23.6

- Updates dependency golang/go to v1.23.6
- Backported because we shipped this in Omnibus GitLab in version 17.9
  and we promise parity.
- See https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/-/merge_requests/8163
- Backports https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/CNG/-/merge_requests/2251

Changelog: changed

Signed-off-by: Robert Marshall <rmarshall@gitlab.com>

Related issues

Related Update Go version to 1.23.6 (gitlab-org&16684) • Unassigned

Checklist

See Definition of done.

For anything in this list which will not be completed, please provide a reason in the MR discussion

Required

• Merge Request Title, and Description are up to date, accurate, and descriptive
• MR targeting the appropriate branch
• MR has a green pipeline on GitLab.com
• When ready for review, MR is labeled "~workflow::ready for review" per the Distribution MR workflow

Expected (please provide an explanation if not completing)

• Test plan indicating conditions for success has been posted and passes
• Documentation created/updated
• Integration tests added to GitLab QA
• The impact any change in container size has should be evaluated
• New dependencies are managed with GitLab forked renovatebot