Upgrade golang from 1.21.9 to 1.22.2

What does this MR do?

Upgrade golang from 1.21.9 to 1.22.2

Ref: gitlab-org&13491 (comment 1887492421)

Related issues

Checklist

See Definition of done.

For anything in this list which will not be completed, please provide a reason in the MR discussion

Required

• Merge Request Title, and Description are up to date, accurate, and descriptive
• MR targeting the appropriate branch
• MR has a green pipeline on GitLab.com
• When ready for review, MR is labeled "~workflow::ready for review" per the Distribution MR workflow

Expected (please provide an explanation if not completing)

• Test plan indicating conditions for success has been posted and passes
• Documentation created/updated
• Integration tests added to GitLab QA
• The impact any change in container size has should be evaluated
• New dependencies are managed with dependencies.io

Closes Upgrade Go to 1.22.2 (#2009) • John Mason • 17.1