Add Microsoft Teams integration properties support

Closes #2200 (closed)

I prefer to create each integration as a separate issue for simplicity, to keep the code as small as possible, and to give other contributors a chance to contribute to these issues!

Following the approach discussed here !2670 (merged)

curl -s -X PUT "${API_URL}/groups/${GROUP_ID}/integrations/microsoft-teams" \
  -H "PRIVATE-TOKEN: ${GITLAB_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "webhook":"https://outlook.office.com/webhook/test-abc-123",
    "notify_only_broken_pipelines": false,
    "branches_to_be_notified": "all",
    "push_events": true
  }' | jq .

{
  "id": 52,
  "title": "Microsoft Teams notifications",
  "slug": "microsoft-teams",
  "created_at": "2026-01-23T17:36:10.329Z",
  "updated_at": "2026-01-23T17:36:10.329Z",
  "active": true,
  "commit_events": true,
  "push_events": true,
  "issues_events": true,
  "incident_events": false,
  "alert_events": true,
  "confidential_issues_events": true,
  "merge_requests_events": true,
  "tag_push_events": true,
  "deployment_events": false,
  "note_events": true,
  "confidential_note_events": true,
  "pipeline_events": true,
  "wiki_page_events": true,
  "job_events": true,
  "comment_on_event_enabled": true,
  "inherited": false,
  "properties": {
    "notify_only_broken_pipelines": false,
    "branches_to_be_notified": "all"
  }
}

Part of: Epic #2198 - Refactor Integration Get*Settings Breaking Change: New methods added to IntegrationsServiceInterface