The 17.0 major release is coming on May 16, 2024! This version brings many exciting improvements to GitLab, but also removes some deprecated features. We are introducing three breaking change windows during which we expect breaking changes to be deployed to GitLab.com. You can read more about it on our blogpost. The second breaking change window begins 2024-04-29 09:00 UTC and ends 2024-05-01 22:00 UTC.
As stated in the node-sass repo, Node 13 is supported from version 4.13. I removed the node-sass entry from the package.json (it's a direct dependency of gulp-sass and ran yarn to upgrade the version in the yarn.lock.
Node 13 should be ok now.