Fork VTK: migrate to `vtk-analysis-situs` (ver. 8.2, patched)

VTK8.2 used in Analysis Situs is becoming more and more outdated with every new release of development toolchains. E.g., on Ubuntu 22_04, VTK8.2 is not compilable without patching. At the same time, we cannot migrate to the newer VTK versions (such as VTK9) as some core functionality is either not working (e.g., graph visualization for AAG) or demonstrates spontaneous crashes (shaders for edge visibility). Also, it has never been our intention to migrate between different versions of a visualization subsystem as long as it works. Such migration sucks out our limited resources quickly. See also https://quaoar.su/blog/page/the-qvtkwidget-is-dead-long-live-the-qvtkwidget for further notes.

To anticipate future troubles with maintaining VTK8.2, we forked this version here: https://gitlab.com/ssv/vtk-analysis-situs

The fork will contain the required patches for Analysis Situs. This ticket is to finalize this migration and update the libpack.